Browsing by Author "Gismalla, Bakri Gobara"

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Microbial Dynamics in Periodontal Regeneration: Understanding Microbiome Shifts and the Role of Antifouling and Bactericidal Materials: A Narrative Review
(Current Issues in Molecular Biology, 2024) Hashim, Nada Tawfig; Babiker, Rasha; Priya, Sivan Padma; Mohammed, Riham; Chaitanya, Nallan CSK; Padmanabhan, Vivek; El Bahra, Shadi; Rahman, Muhammed Mustahsen; Gismalla, Bakri Gobara
Periodontal regeneration is a multifaceted therapeutic approach to restore the tooth supporting structures lost due to periodontal diseases. This manuscript explores the intricate inter actions between regenerative therapies and the oral microbiome, emphasizing the critical role of microbial balance in achieving long-term success. While guided tissue regeneration (GTR), bone grafting, and soft tissue grafting offer promising outcomes in terms of tissue regeneration, these procedures can inadvertently alter the oral microbial ecosystem, potentially leading to dysbiosis or pathogenic recolonization. Different grafting materials, including autografts, allografts, xenografts, and alloplasts, influence microbial shifts, with variations in the healing timeline and microbial stabi lization. Biologics and antimicrobials, such as enamel matrix derivatives (EMD) and sub-antimicrobial dose doxycycline (SDD), play a key role in promoting microbial homeostasis by supporting tissue repair and reducing pathogenic bacteria. Emerging strategies, such as enzyme-based therapies and antifouling materials, aim to disrupt biofilm formation and enhance the effectiveness of periodontal treatments. Understanding these microbial dynamics is essential for optimizing regenerative ther apies and improving patient outcomes. The future of periodontal therapy lies in the development of advanced materials and strategies that not only restore lost tissues but also stabilize the oral microbiome, ultimately leading to long-term periodontal health.
The Global Burden of Periodontal Disease: A Narrative Review on Unveiling Socioeconomic and Health Challenges
(International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2025) Hashim, Nada Tawfig; Babiker, Rasha; Padmanabhan, Vivek; Ahmed, Azza Tagelsir; Chaitanya, Nallan C. S. K.; Mohammed, Riham; Priya, Sivan Padma; Ahmed, Ayman; El Bahra, Shadi; Islam, Md Sofiqul; Gismalla, Bakri Gobara; Rahman, Muhammed Mustahsen
Abstract: Periodontal disease is a prevalent chronic inflammatory condition that impacts over a billion people worldwide, leading to substantial tooth loss, reduced quality of life, and heightened systemic health risks. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence regarding the global burden of periodontal disease, its established associations with systemic conditions including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, adverse pregnancy outcomes, respiratory infections, and neurodegenerative disorders, and its significant socioeconomic implications. The review focused on the following research question: What is the global burden of periodontal disease, and how do its systemic and socioeconomic implications necessitate integrated public health strategies? A structured search of the PubMed,Scopus, andWHOdatabasesfrom2000to2024wasconductedtoidentifyrelevant literature using key terms, including “periodontal disease”, “global burden”, “systemic inflammation”, and “public health strategies”. Out of 312 initially identified articles, 175 satisfied the inclusion criteria for the final synthesis. The findings underscore the significance of periodontal disease as a modifiable risk factor for various noncommunicable diseases, the influence of healthcare disparities on disease progression, and the critical necessity for integrated public health strategies to mitigate the global burden of periodontal disease and its consequences. The review concludes that coordinated policy reform, health system integration, and enhanced research efforts are crucial for mitigating the global burden of periodontal disease and advancing health equity.