Browsing by Author "Sakin,Ghada A. E"

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Assessment of Ischemic Coronary Arteries Prevalence, Reversibility and Relative Dose Ratio% Using 99Mtc- Sestamibi and 201Tl
(PARIPEX - INDIAN JOURNAL OF RESEARCH, 2016) Adam,Mohamed Elwathiq; Gar- elnabi,Mohamed E. M; Sakin,Ghada A. E; Omer,Mohamed A. Ali
The aim of this study was to assess the ischemic coronary arteries prevalence, reversibility and the relative dose ratio% using 99mTc-Sestamibi and 201TL. The method was adapted from the heart scintigraphy protocol i.e. a sample of one hundred and forty four patients with known or suspected ischemic heart disease (IHD)were administrated to a typically dose of 740 MBq (20 mCi) of 99mTc-MIBI and 74 to 111 MBq (2 to 3 mCi)of 201Tl, Patients under beta-blockers or calcium channel antagonists were asked to discontinue administration for 24 - 48 hours before the stress test, using the slandered Bruce protocol exercise followed by immediate SPECT study for stress ,One to two hours after injection, a rest 201Tl SPECT acquisition was performed, While acquiring rest images for 99mTc-MIBI were obtained two to three hours post stress phase, SPECT acquisition was acquired with 90 degree configuration using contouring centered on the heart. The results analysis was carried out using EXCELL software in form of bars and correlation, which showed that: the male were more common involved by ischemic disease compared to female during the age hood with plateau occurring among age group of 50-70 years old. And the common artery of the heart involved by Ischemia was the left anterior descending artery (LAD) which represented 43% relative to 31% and 26% for LCX and RCA respectively. The reversibility of ischemia in heart arteries were high in case of LAD (43%) and LCX (31%) when detected by 201Tl among male and 99mTc-MIBI among female respectively while RCA shows the less reversibility of ischemia as17% for male by 99mTc-MIBI, 10% for male by 201Tl, 9% for female by 99mTc-MIBI and 11% for female by 201Tl.Also both Tlalium-201 and 99mTc-MIBI can detect the ischemic artery successfully during rest and stress with considerable limited and low exposure dose to other anatomical organs as GIT, Left Lung, and Right Lung.
Estimation of Dose Received by Sensitive Organs in External Radiation Therapy of Cervical Carcinoma
(International Journal of Science and Research, 2014) Gar-Alnabi,Mohamed E. M; Mohamed,Enaam A; Omer,Mohamed A. Ali; Sakin,Ghada A. E; Farahna,Mohammed
The main objective of this study was to estimate dose received by sensitive organs in cervical carcinoma irradiation, out of 200 patients referred to Radiation and Isotopes Center of Khartoum (RICK). After successful investigations, the patients were decided to receive a radical radiotherapy course for stage I and II without hematologic spread. The collected variables were the organs position and depth, patient’s separations, equivalent field size, percentage depth dose DD% and back scatter factor. The graphs and correlation were carried out using EXCELL software and the analysis of results showed that: the bladder, cervix and rectum were situated parallel to each other from anterior to posterior respectively and they have linear correlation in depth wise with patient separation based in equation: y = 0.38x + 5.56, y = 0.39x + 1.82, y = 0.4x – 1.74 respectively, where y refers to organ depth and x refers to patient separation in cm with a significant correlation at R2 = 0.8. The DD% for the tumor (cervix), Bladder, head of femur and the rectum were 89.6%, 61.2, 50.2% and 38.1% respectively. The back scattered radiation increases as the tissue volume increases leading to increment of DD% and the back scatter factor increases exponentially with field size increment based on the following equation: y = 0.022lnx + 0.98, which is so significant at R2 = 0.7, where y refers to BSF and x refers to equivalent field size in cm.
Measurement of Cranial and Brain Ventricle Volumes Relative to Pathologies
(International Journal of Science and Research, 2014) Omer,Mohammed A. Ali; Alasar,Emad M. Mukhtar; Gar-elnabi,Mohamed E. M; Sakin,Ghada A. E; Bushara,Yahia M
A volumetric study has been carried out using CT imaging to measure the cranial volume and correlate with the common pathologies that influencing their dimension such as brain ventricle volume and cranial volume. The study taking a sample of 150 patients referred to hospital for CT imaging version (GE - bright speed 16 slice - 2002). And according to basic protocol, spiral scanning with equal slice thickness and interval space, patient without contrast media, supine position, head first, orbito-metal line as anatomical reference, radiographic base line (RBL) perpendicular to couch, and the reconstruction of images have been carried out according to organ of interest for diagnosis. The results showed that: the incidence of pathologies that influencing the brain ventricle volumes and cranial volume was higher among male with 62% relative to 38% among female and the common pathology that influences the cranial and brain volume was the hydrocephalus taking a percent of 40.5%, mixed (hydrocephalus and tumor) represents 23%, tumors 21.5% and schizophrenia 15%. In relation to age groups, these pathologies have been peaking on age groups 1-10 years old which representing (40%) and among age groups of 55-65 years old 25%. The age was correlated with ventricle and cranial volumes in a form of linear proportional equation: (y = 0 .71x +12.12) and (y = 18.35x + 2776), where x refers to age in years and y refers volume of ventricle and cranial in cm3 . In relation between cranial volumes with age among both gender: The cranial volume increases by aging among male and female up to 21-30 years old, then became semi-constant after, and the male cranial volume was 3191.7± STD114 cm3 which is greater than in female which was 3133 ± STD124 cm3 in average. While the relation between the ventricle volumes and age groups for both genders, revealed that: the brain ventricles volume increase with aging among both genders, in a relation that could be fitted in the following form: (y = 5.97x + 2075) among male and (y = 5.61x + 13.48) among female, where x refers to age in years and y refers to ventricle volume in cm3. The correlation so significant at R2 = 0.8, and the ventricles volumes of male appear greater than in female i.e. 50.6± STD17.9 for male and 41.5± STD17.3 for female. The ratio of ventricle\cranial volumes have been influenced by cranial pathologies, leading to increment of ventricular\cranial ration as follows: for mixed i.e. (tumor\hydrocephalus) representing 0.06, hydrocephalus 0.1, tumor 0.02 and schizophrenia was 0.03 relative to normal case which was 0.01.