Faculty of Medicine and Surgery

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Start date: 2020Subject: search.filters.subject.prevention

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    Nerve conduction and its correlations with duration of diabetes mellitus and glycosylated haemoglobin in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)
    (Journal of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa, 2021) Hamid, W. S.; Ahmed, H. S.; Osman, M. A.; Babiker, R.
    Background: Diabetic neuropathy is one of the most common microvascular complications associated with diabetes mellitus. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) has been linked to hyperglycaemia and long duration of uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as measured by glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c). To our knowledge the estimated duration between diagnosis and developing DPN and the level of HbA1c have not yet been investigated in Sudanese patients with type 2 DM. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between the duration of diabetes and HbA1c with nerve conduction velocity (NCV) in patients with type 2 DM. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 63 male and female patients with T2DM who attended the diabetic outpatient clinic of Academy Charity Teaching Hospital (ACTH) and Alzaytouna Private Hospital for Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV) and electromyography (EMG) tests. Nerve conduction was done by using ADInstruments PowerLab series 26. SPSS was used to analyse the data and p-value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean duration of DM was 14.7 (± SD 9.24) years and the mean age of participants was 57.71 (± SD 12.2) years. The most common symptom was numbness (50%). Pearson’s correlation test revealed a significant negative correlation between HbA1c and nerve conduction velocity (r=0.4, p < 0.05) and negative significant correlation between the duration and the amplitude (r =0.35, p < 0.05). Conclusion: There is a slowing of nerve conduction velocity in type 2 diabetic patients, which is accelerated by the poor glycaemic control (HbA1c). These findings support the need for tight glycaemic control to avoid drastic neuropathic complications of diabetes.
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    Metformin: A Dual-Role Player in Cancer Treatment and Prevention: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    (Medicina, 2025) Rangraze, Imran; Wali, Adil Farooq; El-Tanani , Mohamed; Patni , Mohamed Anas; Rabbani, Syed Arman; Babiker, Rasha; Satyam, Shakta Mani; El-Tanani, Yahia; Rizzo, Manfredi
    Background and Objectives: Metformin is said to reduce the incidences and deaths resulting from cancer in patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus, but the results have been inconsistent. Perform a systematic review and meta-analysis concentrating on the different outcomes of several cancers while taking into account the impact of metformin use. Materials and Methods: As of 15 October 2024, the literature for Medline, Embase, and WebofScience was systematically searched. ROBINS-I and the RoB 2 tool were used for assessing the risk of bias in observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs), respectively. The strength of the evidence with respect to the GRADE criteria was checked. Random effects meta-analyses were conducted alongside sensitivity analyses, subgroup analyses, and meta-regressions. By utilizing funnel plots as well as Egger’s test and trim-and-fill analysis, publication bias was evaluated. Results: In total, 65 studies were included in the final analyses: Metformin intake was linked to a lower risk of cancer (RR 0.72; 95% CI: 0.64–0.81, I2 = 45%). Significant reductions were observed in breast cancer (RR 0.68; 95% CI: 0.55–0.83) and colorectal cancers (RR 0.62; 95% CI: 0.51–0.76). Evidence certainty fluctuated from moderate to low, though analyses confirmed the results. Plofs funded the publication bias, but adjustment in trim-and-fill did not change the outcome significantly. Conclusions: Metformin intake seems to lower the chances of developing several types of cancers, especially breast and colorectal cancers, but the observational designs hinder determining the causal factors for observational studies. There is a need for large RCTs

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