National University Biomedical Research Institute (NUBRI)
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Item Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Sudanese Candida parapsilosis: a sustainable approach to combat antimicrobial resistance(BMC Microbiology, 2025) Ibrahim, Nesreen A. A.; Saeed, Humodi A.; Saeed, Samar M.; Mohamed, Osama; Suliman, Omnia H.; Ibrahim, Sabah A. E.; Mohamed, Sofia BBackground Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical global health challenge, particularly in Sudan, where the overuse and misuse of antibiotics have driven the rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. Conventional antimicrobial strategies often fall short due to rapid resistance development and limited efficacy, highlighting the need for novel approaches. Nanotechnology offers promising alternatives, with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) demonstrating potent broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. This study aims to develop an eco-friendly synthesis of AgNPs using Candida parapsilosis (C. parapsilosis), an untapped yeast strain isolated from Sudanese soil, to combat AMR. Results Biosynthesis of AgNPs using C. parapsilosis was successfully confirmed through UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), revealing well-defined nanoparticles. The biosynthesized AgNPs exhibited strong antibacterial activity against both ATCC reference strains and MDR clinical isolates of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, with inhibition zones increasing in a concentration-dependent manner. At optimal concentrations, inhibition zones reached 29 mm for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.aeruginosa) (ATCC 27853), while clinical isolates of Salmonella typhi (S. typhi) (24.5 ± 0.58 mm) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) (23.8 ± 0.79 mm) exhibited significant susceptibility. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays demonstrated potent bactericidal activity, particularly against E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) at 0.3125 mg/mL. Furthermore, AgNPs synergistically enhanced the efficacy of conventional antibiotics in a species- and antibiotic-dependent manner. The strongest synergy was observed in Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) (up to 9.84-fold with Colistin) and Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) (up to 5.11-fold with Ceftazidime), suggesting that AgNP-enhanced antibiotic efficacy varies depending on bacterial species, nanoparticle synthesis method, and antibiotic type. Conclusions This study presents a novel and sustainable approach to tackling AMR by leveraging Sudanese yeast strains for the green synthesis of AgNPs. The findings underscore the potential of AgNPs as an effective antibacterial agent, both independently and in combination with conventional antibiotics, to combat MDR pathogens. By integrating microbiology and nanotechnology, this research offers a cost-effective and environmentally friendlyItem Bioinformatics in Sudan: Status and challenges case study: The National University-Sudan(PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY, 2021) Mohamed, Sofia B; Kambal, Sumaya; Ibrahim, Sabah A.E.; Abdalwhab, Esra; Munir, Abdalla; Ibrahim, Arwa; Ali, Qurashi MohamedThe ever increasing applications of bioinformatics in providing effective interpretation of large and complex biological data require expertise in the use of sophisticated computa tional tools and advanced statistical tests, skills that are mostly lacking in the Sudanese research community. This can be attributed to paucity in the development and promotion of bioinformatics, lack of senior bioinformaticians, and the general status quo of inadequate research funding in Sudan. In this paper, we describe the challenges that have encountered the development of bioinformatics as a discipline in Sudan. Additionally, we highlight on spe cific actions that may help develop and promote its education and training. The paper takes the National University Biomedical Research Institute (NUBRI) as an example of an institute that has tackled many of these challenges and strives to drive powerful efforts in the devel opment of bioinformatics in the country.Item Whole-genome sequence data of a Salmonella enterica serovar Rissen sequence type 8877 isolated from cracked table egg in Sudan(Data in Brief, 2023) Elhassan, Mortada M.O.; Adam, Habiba B.A.; Fagir, Shaimaa S.A.O.; Mohamed, Sofia B; Khaier, Mona A.M.; Abdulaziz, Romisa; Ismail, Arshad; Allam, MushalSalmonella enterica serovar Rissen is an emerging and impor- tant Salmonella serovar prevalent in live animals and foods from retail markets worldwide. Here, we describe the whole- genome sequence of Salmonella enterica Serovar Rissen Se- quence Type 8877 isolated from a cracked table egg in Su- dan. The whole-genome sequencing was obtained using Illu- mina Miseq platform. The quality of the sequenced read, the De novo assembly, and the sequencing typing was conducted by JEKESA pipeline ( https://github.com/stanikae/jekesa ). The assembled genome was also uploaded to the Center for Ge- nomic Epidemiology web server to determine acquired an- tibiotic resistance genes, predict the serovar, and the anti- genic profile. The genome of Salmonella enterica serovar Ris- sen 1-M1 was found to harbor 4,689 protein-coding genes, 96 RNA genes, and 115 pseudogenes, as predicted by NCBI Prokaryotic Genome Annotation Pipeline. This whole genome shotgun project has been deposited at DDBJ/ENA/GenBank under accession JAPSFB0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.