Association of expression C/C .G/G, C/G Genotypes with Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in Sudanese children with type 1 Diabetes

Abstract

Background: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a common complex metabolic disease characterized by the autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing B cells of the pancreatic islets. Due to a drastic loss of B cells, resulting in no to lowinsulin production,. Genetic factors play a significant role in the aetiology of T1D, However, the main causes of morbidity and mortality today are the complications that arise from even mild hyperglycaemia in T1D cases. Glycemic control is often measured using an assay called haemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), that provides an estimate of average blood glucose in individuals over a 3month period. Aim of the study to correlate between the frequencies of C/C,G/G and C/G genotypes and HBA1C levels in T1D patients. Objective: To evaluate the significant correlation between frequencies of genotypes and HBA1C levels. Methods: A total of 100 Sudanese subjects with T1D were enrolled in this study, on the average age between 5 to 18 years. The study was conducted in diabetes central hospitals in Khartoum state. In order to determine the HLA gene polymorphism, the allele-specific-refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) method was utilized. Results: There were no significant correlation (r= 0.074, P-value = 0.497) between frequencies of genotypes and HBA1C levels. Conclusion: This study identified that there’s no significant correlation between frequencies of genotypes and HBA1C levels.