Evaluation of oxidative stress Parameters among Cataracts Patients in Khartoum state

Abstract

Background: Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of various types of diseases includingCataracts, a common eye condition characterized by the clouding of the lens, leading to decreased vision. Objective: The aim of the present study is to compare the plasma levels of Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), Malondialdehyde (MDA), Catalase (CAT), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx),and Glutathione reductase (GRx) activities in Cataracts patients and controls in Khartoum state. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in hospitals across Khartoum state, from January to April 2023. The study included a total of 100 participants, categorized into 50 Cataracts patients as the case group and 50 healthy subjects as the control group. Data was collected through structured questionnaires and blood sample analyzed. Plasma antioxidant parameters were measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometry methods. Data analysis were performed using SPSS version 27. Results: The levels of plasma MDA, CAT, and SOD enzymes were found to be significantly increased in the case group compared to controls.However, the TAC, GPx, and GRx enzyme levels did not show significant differences between cases and controls. There was no correlation found between the study parameters and the age and duration of disease in patients. Conclusion: Cataracts could be linked to elevated levels of MDA, an indicator of oxidative stress. Additionally, in patients with Cataracts, the enzymes CAT and SOD might increase as a compensatory response to oxidative stress.