National University - Sudan (NUSU)
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Item Association of Plasma Zinc and Prostate‑Specific Antigen in Patients with Prostatic Cancer in Khartoum(Matrix Science Medica, 2022) Mohammed, Nafisa; Saeed, Ali Awadallah; Mahdi, M. A.Background: Prostate cancer is the most common visceral cancer in males, ranking as the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in men older than 50 years of age, after carcinoma of the lung. It is predominantly a disease of older males, with a peak incidence between the ages of 65 and 75 years. This study aimed to estimate the plasma zinc level and plasma prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level in patients suffer from prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: A case–control study was conducted in Khartoum on 100 males aged more than 50 years old which were divided into 50 apparently healthy as control and 50 with prostate cancer as case. A 5 ml of blood specimens was collected in lithium heparin anticoagulants for the estimation of plasma zinc level using Buck model 210 VGP Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (East Norwalk, CT 06855) made in the USA and the plasma total PSA that was measured by immunoassay Sandwich principle HITACHI ROCHE COBAS E 411 (serial number 04641655190 V 13.0). Results: The mean level of plasma zinc was 0.35 mg/L ± standard deviation [SD] 0.14 in case and in control was 0.68mg/L ± SD 0.13, so the P value was 0.002 and PSA was 43.08 ng/ml ± SD 20.08 in case and 3.53 ng/ml ± SD 3.90 in control, so the P value was 0.000, the correlation between the level of plasma PSA with plasma zinc in patients with prostate cancer give R was 0.01 and R2 was 0.001. Conclusion: This study concluded that PSA is significantly increased in patients with prostate cancer and plasma zinc level is significantly decreased in patients with prostate cancer. However, it is statistically significant.Item Evaluation of Breast Cancer Metastasis to The Skeletal System by Using Bone Scintigraphy(INDIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH, 2014) Omer,Mohammed A. Ali; Gar-alnabi,M. E. M; Yousef,Mohamed; Sakin,Gada A.EThe aim of this study was to evaluate the breast cancer metastasis to specific preference parts of skeletal system using bones scintigraphy with consideration to metastatic from both breasts. The sample consists of 430 patients who refereed for bone scintigraphy at radiation and isotopes center in Khartoum during 2010-2013, after a confirmation of breast cancer based on histology, more variables as gender, age, involved quadrant and breast, anatomical sites of metastasis from both breast have been collected and analyzed. The analysis reveals that the left breast was highly involved by cancer 64% relative to right one. Breast cancer starts on age group of 20-30 years old and taking the plateau at 40-50 years old then decreases following aging. The right and left breasts cancer commonly gives metastases to lumbar vertebrae (26.7%, 22%), then dorsal vertebrae (14%, 19%), the pelvic bone (10%, 12.7%), the ribs (5%, 11.3%), the cervical vertebrae (8.7%, 10.7%), the skull (7.3%, ) and the femur bone with percentage of (6.7%, 10%) respectively and the right breast cancer gives higher metastatic percent to skeletal system segments 58.1% (250) than the left breast cancer41.9% (180), the predominant type of histopathology was Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) that representing 38% then the Adenoid carcinoma 27% and invasive lobular carcinoma 17%. The common involved quadrant by cancer was the upper outer quad- rant UOQ 44%, inner upper quadrant 17%., lower outer quadrant LOQ, lower inner quadrant LIQ and the nipple showed the following percentages 17%, 15%, 13%, and 11% respectively.